In the Twilight of the Revolution. The Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (South Africa) 1959–1994

This book is a long-overdue history of the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) and the rise of the Africanist ideology in South Africa. From its formation in 1959, the PAC, operating underground inside South Africa and in exile, shaped the dynamics of the anti-apartheid movement and liberation struggle by framing alternative ideologies. The South African historian Kwandiwe Kondlo analyses the radical traditions, the structural contradictions and the internal conflicts of this rival to the African National Congress (ANC), South Africa’s dominant liberation organisation.